PIOMETRA O INFECCION UTERINA

La piometra es la afección uterina más común en perras que han alcanzado la madurez sexual. Se trata de una infección secundaria, no contagiosa, debida a un conjunto de factores: el aumento de progesterona tras el periodo de celo, ciertos cambios morfológicos del endometrio y una infección bacteriana oportunista. El tratamiento de esta enfermedad es urgente, ya que su pronóstico dependerá de la rapidez y eficacia de la terapia aplicada.

Síntomas de piometra en la perra

La piometra en perros aparece habitualmente en hembras mayores de 8 años, aunque puede aparecer a partir del primer celo (solo he visto un caso en toda mi vida). Se desarrolla en las semanas siguientes al celo, cuando la concentración de progesterona es más elevada, normalmente al mes y medio del celo de media.

La paciente canina presentará secreciones vaginales sanguinolentas o purulentas en un 85% de los casos, coincidiendo con el periodo que va desde la segunda a la octava semana tras el celo. En este caso, cuando el cuello del utero permanece abierto, hablamos de piometra abierta. Pero también puede tratarse de una piometra cerrada y no haber descarga vaginal, en cuyo caso el pronóstico es más grave.

Los síntomas de la piometra canina incluyen fiebre, letargia, inapetencia, poliuria y polidipsia. Raramente también puede dar lugar a diarrea y agrandamiento abdominal. En casos muy avanzados o que no han recibido el tratamiento veterinario correcto puede llegar a producir septicemia, toxemia, peritonitis e insuficiencia renal.

Diagnóstico de piometra perros

El diagnóstico de la piometra se realizará por anamnesis y exploración física, y será confirmado mediante ecografía. Si esta prueba no resulta concluyente o se sospecha la presencia de masas tumorales en el útero que puedan imitar los síntomas de piometra, una analítica y citología pueden ayudar a obtener un diagnóstico definitivo.

Tratamiento en piometra canina

-El tratamiento de elección en piometra canina es la cirugía: ovariohisterctomia. Y ES UNA CIRUGIA DE ALTO RIESGO .

–Tratamiento médico, que incluye, antibioticoterapia y administración de medicamentos para aumentar la contractilidad uterina. Este tratamiento puede realizarse en casos leves, aunque yo lo he utilizado con relativo éxito ( SUELO TENER EL MISMO PROBLEMA EN EL SIGUIENTE CELO) en perritas de dueños que no podían costearse una cirugía o que por problemas por ejemplo cardiacos en el paciente no era conveniente meterle a quirófano.

En el postoperatorio deberán controlarse los signos de infección, ya que una piometra avanzada puede derivar en peritonitis.

La mejor prevención es la esterilización temprana

Un saludo

Carlos Quintana

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